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Typically, in alloy design, thermodynamic modeling is employed to foresee equilibrium states. This is succeeded by thermomechanical treatment to disrupt the equilibrium state, followed by final annealing treatments to achieve a consistently stable state for practical applications. However, this conventional approach considers thermal activation, stress, and chemical stress separately, often...
Dislocation interactions and behavior of a wire arc additive manufactured nickel-aluminum-bronze (NAB) alloy subjected to uniaxial tensile loading were investigated in this study. A unique multi-scale methodology involving atomic-scale, high resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), high-angle annular dark-field (HAADF)-STEM and low angle annular dark field (LAADF)-STEM was...
Melt-quenched Se70Te20Sn10 bulk samples were deposited by electron-beam evaporation into thin films on glass substrates. The annealing process was carried out at temperatures between 100°C and 400°C for 1.5 hours to investigate its effect on the structural and optical properties of the thin films by X-ray diffraction and UV-vis spectroscopy. XRD confirmed that the as-grown Se70Te20Sn10 thin...
The demand for energy is currently competing with the alarming rate of climate change. In many parts of the world, especially Africa, charcoal has been the dominant fuel for domestic heating and cooking. In Ghana, rapid population growth has led to increased dependence on unsustainably produced charcoal, which consequently affects forest vegetation cover. This work presents the design and...
Abstract
Corn milling is widespread used in Ghana due to the high consumption of local delicacies. However, the manufacturing of corn mill plates is handled by a few artisans with limited metallurgy knowledge. Locally made grinding plates, composed of 95 wt% cast iron, wear out 3–4 times faster than the imported grinding plates. This gap necessitates evaluating locally manufactured plates...
Cameroon is often call “Africa in miniature” for its diversity in many areas such as its soil rich of different minerals, its vegetation, the huge variety of its step meal and all the type of climates found there. This country also has to face the issue of waste pollution, especially waste plastic. Besides, the cost of building houses are still high in Cameroon. This mainly due to the high...
The manufacturing sector is a major contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for about 20% according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Circular manufacturing (CM), which minimizes waste, and maximizes resource use and re-use, aligns with circular economy principles which are critical to 21st century industries. Hardmetals are composite materials that...
T.K. Asumadu1,2, K. Mensah-Darkwa1, E. Gikunoo1, D.E.P. Klenam3, M. Vandadi4, N. Rahbar4,5, S. Kwofie1 and W.O. Soboyejo5
1Department of Materials Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
2 Department of Materials Engineering, Sunyani Technical University, Box 206, Sunyani, Ghana.
3Academic Development Unit & School of Chemical and Metallurgical...
The integration of 3D printing technology with advanced materials like graphene presents a transformative approach to the fabrication of 3D functional devices for structural health monitoring (SHM). Graphene's exceptional mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties make it an ideal candidate for enhancing the sensitivity, durability, and multifunctionality of SHM devices. This study...
Southern University and A&M College (SU) in Baton Rouge, LA, in collaboration with Louisiana State University (LSU), established Phase II CREST Center for Next Generation Multifunctional Composites with National Science Foundation funding. CREST Center projects involves promoting advancements in multifunctional smart composites and related technology development, nanocomposites, novel...
SAMUEL SKHOSANE1*, NTHABISENG MALEDI2, MONNAMME TLOTLENG1,3, SISA PITYANA1,4 AND PAUL LEKOADI1
1Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (Manufacturing, Photonics Centre, Laser Enabled Manufacturing, Pretoria, South Africa
2 University of the Witwatersrand (School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Johannesburg, South Africa)
3 North-West University (Material Science...
Neodymium-based permanent magnets (Nd2Fe14B) are the potential permanent magnets for use in various applications due to their high magnetic field strength and demagnetization resistance. Due to their exceptional magnetic properties, these magnets have various applications in wind turbines and electric vehicles. However, they suffer from low operating temperatures below 585 K and poor...
Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a preferred process in the valorization of wet biomass because it does not require drying of the raw material before its use. HTC is arousing growing interest in the research community and industry for the valorization of organic waste and wet biomass residues. It is a thermal conversion process which proves effective in converting high humidity biomass...
In the present work, fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) thin films were irradiated with different fluences of 7 MeV protons using the 5 MV linear electrostatic Pelletron accelerator. The proton irradiation-induced variations in optical, surface morphological, and microstructural properties of the films were characterized using UV-vis-NIR spectrophotometry, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray...
Understanding the flow dynamics and heat transfer of magnetohydrodynamic fluids with dust particles is critical in many engineering processes, such as material processing, environmental engineering, polymer extrusion, metal forming, pollution control, energy transfer, and so on. This study thus delves into the transport phenomenon of complex fluid-solid systems in order to optimize heat...
Crab shells, often considered wastes, have the potential to be a valuable source of chitin nanofibrils (ChNFs) for various applications. This study introduces a novel, cost-effective method where NaOH treatment and concrete mechanical vibrator (CMV) produce high-quality ChNFs while maintaining their native properties, such as crystalline structure and higher degree of acetylation. This method,...
Biomass-derived carbon (BDC) have been widely used as lithium ion battery (LIB) and sodium ion battery (NIB) anodes. However, the excessive usage of toxic activation reagents to develop porosity, tedious washing to obtain pure product, and poor yields (usually < 20 wt%) of final product have limited their large-scale application. Therefore, ionothermal pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse using deep...
The research aims to improve the hardness of high chrome grinding balls by development of heat treatment techniques. The samples were heat treated by forced air quenching and tempered. The optical microscopy reveals that the microstructure of as cast high Chromium grinding balls contain eutectic carbide and pearlite structure, the hardened balls contain martensite and secondary carbides and...
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are very exciting porous materials owing to their unique properties such as high surface areas, high pore volume and great thermal stabilities.1, 2 These attributes enable their use in a wide range of applications including gas storage and separation, catalysis, sensors and detection, drug delivery and food and agriculture. However, the transition from...
A Fe-Al phase diagram has several intermetallic phases with variable compositions and temperatures; it is dominated by two ordered phases, respectively β2 and DO3, each of which has a wide compositional stability range. Intermetallic FeAl alloys have a good specific modulus, strength-to-weight ratio, and corrosion resistance to oxidation and other forms of corrosion. Because of these...
The study investigated the influence of the initial as-cast structure on the evolution of microstructure and texture following thermo-mechanical processing of Ti+Nb dual stabilized 441 ferritic stainless steel with 0.023 wt% Al and 0.068 wt% Al. The initial as-cast structure of steel with 0.023 wt% Al is largely equiaxed with equiaxed grain ratio (EGR) of 0.73. On the contrary, the steel with...
Metal injection moulding (MIM) is a net-shaped process for production of microparts via feedstock formulation/preparation, injection moulding, debinding and sintering processes. Suitability of MIM for processing nonferrous metal powders such Magnesium, Copper and Aluminium are yet to be perfected due to high affinity to oxygen among other problems. Meanwhile, thermal decomposition behaviour of...
Abstract Title:
TRANSFORMING PLASTIC WASTE INTO 3D PRINTING FILAMENT: A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH FOR MATERIAL SCIENCE IN AFRICA
UDI PHILIPPA, JIBRIL A SALIHU, ATSACHA ISHAKU NDONYA, YAKUBU GODWIN, SANI HAUWA A, GODSPOWER ANABOREE.
1) Nigeria Space Agency - National Space Research and Development Agency (NASRDA), Physical Sciences Division, Abuja, Nigeria
2) Nigeria Space Agency -...
While contributing to the adaptation to a newer technology, the conversion of internal combustion vehicles (ICE) to electric vehicles generates huge amount of removed components. An ICE Avanza Toyota vehicle converted into an electric, release about 10 % vehicle mass of value containing removed components. In its essence, the conversion involves stripping out of the combustion system from an...
